You might add/remove projects to the program as long as it fits the strategic requirements. If a program manager needs a higher budget, cross-department support, and leadership, he/she will turn to the sponsor. Disclosure:  I may receive a commission if you purchase the PM Exam Simulator with this link. They maintain the standards and sound business practices that are necessary for a company or organization to execute a project successfully. All rights in this website and our software are reserved. key aspects about each phase of the project life cycle. As with most things in project management, let’s start by looking at what PMBOK has to say about the work breakdown structure. In the other two structures, authority is clearly placed with either the … Michel Thiry’s “. This flexibility and adaptability is one of the core benefits of program management. ” is as comprehensive as it gets for understanding program management. Let’s look at some answers in the next section. The structure an organization designs depends greatly on its objectives and the strategy it adopts in achieving those objectives. referent authority to get project tasks completed. Management structure Program Committee. 4. In the typical matrix structure, a project manager is assigned from within one of the functional departments in either a part time or full time capacity. The project manager is considered to be a coordinator or an escalator. that will significantly increase your ability to achieve project Program and Project Management Guidebook, and Project Design Guidebook. It’s important to remember that while integration is key, the management of these domains should remain separate and complementary at the same time. , you'll call the SRO the "Program/Project Executive". Once the program's deliverables are completed and business benefits realized, the program is said to be 'completed' and is terminated. This type of structure is also called In the above example, the design and development of a website would be informed by the marketing campaign to promote it - and vice versa. I’ll also share a number of program management resources to give you a deeper understanding of this vital skill. management, find out why project management is exhilarating, Or, a program might refer to an ongoing set of activities internal to the organization, for example, a Total Quality Management Program, Workplace Safety Program, the Space Program, etc. At this point, all the people in the program management team are identified and handed their responsibilities. Program Management Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) A Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) (MIL-STD-881D) is a tool used to define a project in discrete work elements in a Hierarchical format. 4 TOOLKIT STRUCTURE AND NAVIGATION The PD/PM Toolkit is divided into five sections, and within each section are multiple steps. Project PMO 5. There is significant skill overlap, though a program manager’s work is less hands on, more strategic in nature. Managing the program's budget, monitoring expenditure and ensuring that the program realizes its financial & business benefits. The organizational structure has a major influence on the execution of the project. Stakeholders become, in fact, more and more aware and demanding and want quick answers. It can have dozens (or more) of smaller projects, all with varying durations. All options are highly flexible, allowing students to customize their program. Porter (1996) says that the strategy essence remains in choosing activities to be made in a different manner or in the execution of different activities in relation to the competitors. The primary constraints are scope, time, quality, and budget. The functional management line structure is normally in place first, and the project manager takes the dotted line. I can assert this, not only as the appointed Academic Director of the program, but also as … To put it simply, program management is far less rigid than project management. The PC will consist of five voting individuals. If you're following the PRINCE2 project management methodology, you'll call the SRO the "Program/Project Executive". What is WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) in Project Management? Project management is an essential concept to be considered for the overall success of the businesses. In a project-based organization most of the organization's resources are involved in project work. Program management is something similar, yet very different. Program managers oversee inter-connected projects (programs) and supervise project managers. It relates the elements of work to be accomplished to each other and to the end product. It provides an explanation of each step, a template for implementing that step, and a fictional program case example Module 2 of the PM PrepCast is all about the environment in which projects operate (including organizational structure types). You can think of his/her responsibilities as "meta-project management". The PMBOK has this to say about what is a work breakdown structure: The work breakdown structure springs from the project charter. The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) guide, is a set of guidelines and terminology that are accepted as principles within the industry of project management. to report to. Each of these roles differs in its responsibilities, though they all work closely with the program manager. ” is also a good introduction to the topic. This allows operational groups to focus on the key daily mission of safely separating air traffic and maintaining our airspace system. undertaking. Like most credentialed marketing gals, she’s always got a good cup of coffee and would love to hear from you at estherc@workamajig.com. Do He also taught courses in the UCSC Extension Leadership and Management Program (LAMP), and was a guest speaker at the 2001 Santa Cruz Technology Symposium. If you’re interested in becoming a program manager (or any other role), using program management in your organization, or adding program management to your existing project management skills, the following resources will come in handy: Program management is similar to project management, yet very different from it. Given how program and project management are interconnected, many program management roles are similar to project management roles, though generally with a more expansive set of responsibilities. At the same time, closely managing related projects gives you the ability to communicate better across teams and projects. A Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) (MIL-STD-881C) is a tool used to define a project in discrete work elements in a Hierarchical format. In other words the WBS is an organized method to breakdown a product into subproducts at lower levels of detail. … As an industry leader in program management and construction management services for large capital programs, AECOM oversees activities ranging from planning, coordination, scheduling and cost control, to design, construction and commissioning. Of course, this describes the 'ideal' process. Varying Uses of the Term "Program" As per the Project Business Management framework, there are various PMO roles listed below: 1. A program might start simply because a senior executive requests it. Large programs require the management, coordination and integration of multiple, concurrent assignments. It’s created separately, with specialists and workers from various departments. The Project Management Structures www.pm4dev.com THE PROJECT ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE A project organization is a structure that facilitates the coordination and implementation of project activities. A strategic goal will have several smaller tactical goals attached to it. There are three types of matrix organizations: A weak matrix organizational structure maintains many of the features of the functional organizational The Workamajig© name and the Workamajig© logo are the exclusive trademarks of Creative Manager, Inc. Creative Manager, Inc. is not affiliated with any other software applications that may have the “amajig" in their names... but we do love them all dearly. As with most jobs, there are several roles in program management covering different responsibilities. will move from favoring ongoing operations to favoring projects. This brings us to an important question: where does the WBS fit within the project management framework? is project management? A role is a short, succinct description of a person's responsibilities within a job. Besides better allocation of resources (shared components can also share resources), this also reduces risk. As described in the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), a work breakdown structure (WBS) shows a hierarchical view of the scope of work required to complete project objectives and deliverables. It has a definite beginning and end. A program manager also has a high-level role in his or her company’s management structure, and therefore has responsibility for overall processes, annual budgets and costs, and more. The success of one project often depends on the success of another. It offers a visual way to all the deliverables as well as tasks and subtasks in a project, ensuring nothing gets overlooked and making it easier to manage all aspects of a project. It’s not unusual to spin off a bunch of related projects into separate programs. Project-based organizations are structured around projects and not functions. This is where you can download my "Become A Project Manager Checklist" and other project management templates. Project managers, as you saw above, deal with more attainable tactical goals. Development organizations are usually organized around programmatic focus areas such as health or education. structure. There are three basic types of organizational structures... Functional organizations are structured around the organization's primary functions. Realistic exam sample questions so you can pass your CAPM or PMP Certification exam. In this case, the project management team structure is organized in such a way that the project manager has project authority. The The sponsor is arguably the most important person in a program since all decisions flow from him/her. This includes: The SRO might champion the program through the executive ranks, but he also needs someone to ensure that the program actually realizes its benefits. Michael F. Hanford. Work Breakdown Structure in Project Management. You often hear how a program was someone's "brainchild" within the business. A typical program management lifecycle goes through five distinct stages: Visually, you can represent these five stages as follows: The first three stages are folded into the 'Preparation' phase. Every company, design team or a designer itself sooner or later faces a challenge when it is impossible to quickly find an old-version source layout, understand a file’s relevance or find project-related resources. Program management professionals serve in a wide range of PMO and PEO positions, including program integrators and analysts, program managers, PEOs, and their deputies. This change can be narrow ('change website CMS') or broad ('overhaul digital strategy') based on the sponsor's domain. It has a definite beginning and end. The key challenge with a matrix organization is that every employee has two (or more) managers they report to, their The BCM is appointed by the SRO and works closely with the program manager. The website, in turn, requires support from the IT team. Instead, they might overlap with other programs or terminate early as the competitive environment changes. Approve the program and authorize its initiation, Interface with senior stakeholders across departments to resolve strategic issues, Confirm and approve final delivery of the program, Provide leadership by supporting the program through roadblocks and challenges. foundation from which to manage your projects. The PMO assembles in one organization the majority of programs that specialize in program management. It is therefore very important for an organization to take utmost care while creating the organizational structure. Examples of functions within a company are: In a functional organization, every employee is positioned within only one function and has one manager they report to, The responsibilities of the program manager include, but aren't limited to: These aren’t the only roles in program management. From a project folder you dig right into processes (middle level), while each process contains a form-factor separation or, more often, nothing. The PM Exam Simulator is an online exam simulator. (Like the thousands of businesses that had to change their mobile strategy completely after the launch of the original iPhone.). Project Managers have considerable It displays and defines the product, or products, to be developed and/or produced. The program manager may work as part of the program management office (PMO), which the program office manager oversees. The PMBOK’s Work Breakdown Structure and the Activity List (see below under Project Time Management) are separate items, but in practice they are often one and the same. (Program planning is usually (but not always) of a broader scope than Project Planning.) Project PMO: A program manager, thus, manages multiple projects. The primary challenge of project management is to achieve all of the project goals within the given constraints. Program management is more than a collection of similar projects or organizing projects under the same umbrella. Subscribe to Project Success Tips, my FREE Project Management Newsletter where I share tips and techniques that you can use to get your Project Management Career off to a great start. The benefits of program management extend beyond these - it helps mitigate and manage risk, makes for better synergy across the organization, gives you a better “big picture” overview of the business. type of project. They may also serve in a number of support and management positions throughout the workforce. We'll be in touch to find a time that works for you, Program Management: Definition, Roles, Responsibilities & Resources. Project Managers This change can be narrow ('change website CMS') or broad ('overhaul digital strategy') based on the sponsor's domain. Once identified, the stakeholders decide whether the opportunity requires mandating a new program, or whether it can be folded into an existing program/project. A program, on the other hand, is meant to meet a business' long-term strategic goals. If you’re reading this, you likely already know the definition of, In such cases, you group the projects together as a, Grouping together related projects as a program, and. PMOs need basic project management features such as task management, workflow management and planning tools, along with more advanced project portfolio features. If an organization has a PMO, it codifies what it means by program management, as well as the types of projects appropriate to take on under each program. What happens, many times, is that the strategies are not put in operation because they do not arrive until the lower organization's hierarchical l… The mandate lists the gaps in the organization's performance and what can be done to bridge them at a strategic level. As a program manager, you’ll be expected to interface with senior leaders and stakeholders across departments. Using the four functions of management, learn about the The operati… management also should specify communication channels, methods of conflict resolution between the project and the rest of the organization. They develop project-program operational plans and budget plans and allow changes if any. A program is made up of several projects. Program management professionals serve in a wide range of PMO and PEO positions, including program integrators and analysts, program managers, PEOs, and their deputies. Use this article as a reference to understand program management, how it differs from project management, and all the roles and responsibilities in it. From a Resource Availability perspective, you will also have greater control over your project resources since they will The program governance board reviews and approves the program management plan and the approach that the program will take in trying to achieve the benefits. In addition, teams need to be able to collaborate and take control over their ongoing projects, as they all impact one another. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of the client and survive in the mar… Program Management Structure – Horizontal and Vertical – Three steps to map a plan and manage work effectively. offers a course for managing construction projects. authority over the project in this organzational structure. Functional Manager and the Project Manager. Definition: Programme management is the coordinated management of related projects, which may include related business-as-usual activities that together achieve a beneficial change of a strategic nature for an organisation. determine how you should manage your project. Its main reason is to create an environment that fosters interactions among the team members with a minimum amount of disruptions, overlaps and conflict. Integrated program, portfolio, and project management require a consistent organizational management structure addressing all three domains. hierarchy chart that shows how groups or functions report within the organization. As you move across the spectrum from Functional to Matrix to Project-Based organizational structure types, the organization Every organization must have a well-defined organizational structure in order to work efficiently and achieve its goals with fewer risks and obstacles. As a Project Manager, you will have more According to Gartner, program management is the coordinated planning, management, and execution of multiple related projects that are directed toward the same strategic, business, or organizational objectives. The responsibilities of the business change manager include: In a nutshell, the program manager is the person responsible for the successful delivery of the program. But what if you have multiple projects that are somehow related to each other? There are new-ish certification programs, a variety of approaches, all of them interesting and some of them effective. Individual stages are seldom linear. If you’re reading this, you likely already know the definition of project management. For projects, the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is the tool that utilizes this technique and is one of the most important project management documents. Projectized Organizational Structure: Projectized organizations are nearly the opposite of functional … Being SMIB is not only a label that you get when joining the academic program. Consider this study program if you're preparing to take your CAPM or PMP Certification exam. At the end of this stage, you will have a Program Definition Document (PDD). In a nutshell, program management is the management of different but related projects. The obvious question now is: why even bother with program management? For instance, your marketing project requires designers and developers, as does the website redesign project. This is another benefit of program management. If two (or more) projects have shared components, you can manage them better through a combined program. You will need to rely on expert authority and The above should, however, give you an idea of how a typical program actually works. The past two decades have seen a significant increase in project and program management maturity, largely with thanks to the efforts of the various project management institutes and associations worldwide.More importantly in the context of this paper, program management as opposed to project management, varies not in scale but rather in the fundamental management aspects that have been well developed and … Program Structure The Master of Management in Retailing (MMR) is an intensive full-time, 16 months (*12 month accelerated option available for people with significant retail experience), pre-experience program with a strong emphasis on experiential learning. project management life cycle provides a framework for managing any It provides the arrangement for decisions on how to realize a project. Using specific management techniques, knowledge and skills to manage the program. In a typical program management process, the mandate is followed by a detailed strategy document before the program 'Preparation' phase starts.