First publicly owned art museum in Europe was Amerbach-Cabinet in Basel (Now Kunstmuseum Basel). Withi… Museums by type‎ (150 C, 7 P) Types of Museum Staff – Managers, Administrators, Projectionists & More. Certain museums provide for a specialist audience—for example, children, societies, universities, or schools. A collection may include scientific specimens, works of art and exhibits and information on history or tech­nology. Other general museums have maintained their more traditional roles but have concentrated their efforts on public services, as at the Kanazawa Bunko Museum in Yokohama, Japan, where a multidisciplinary approach is apparent in its exhibitions. 5 DIFFERENT KINDS OF MUSEUMS & THEIR USES ELAINE HEUMANN GURIAN 2008 CHOOSING 2. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. They could be exhibited from a vehicle or they could move from museum to museum as guests. For articles on types of museums, see Category:Types of museum.For country listings, see Category:Museums by country.For lists of museums, see Category:Lists of museums. General museums are those which have different types of collections gathered in the same place. Art museums: paintings and sculpture, decorative arts, folk art, and textiles 2. There are many different types of positions within a museum. Along with the verb “curate.” Nowadays, a museum is pretty much any collection someone wants to identify as a collection and call a museum. Sometimes special exhibitions prepared by the national museum or other agencies provide opportunities at regional museums for the community to appreciate the wider aspects of the national or even international heritage. Kim Kenney There are many different kinds of museums to work at and visit. The head honcho. archeological findings and other. Usually organized from a point of view of a one nation and conflicts in which that country has taken part. Types of Museums. They The field of evaluation tends to get a bad rap. The general museum, particularly at the regional or local level, faces severe problems because of the high cost of employing the large numbers of specialists necessary to care for the variety of collections involved, particularly if a strong research program is maintained. Maritime history museums, show and educate the public about humanity's maritime past. They are not thematically Watch this video by instructor Angela Linn to be introduced to a few ways museums can be categorized. At the opposite end of the spectrum are museums devoted to esoterica, designed for the specialist, or museums founded exclusively for an adult audience, such as the Museum of Sex, which opened to much controversy in New York City in 2002. Here are some of them: Archaeology museums. Different Types of Museums. There are several different types of museum, depending on how they are owned, managed and funded. There are five main kinds of museums namely art museums, history museums, applied science museums, natural science museums and general museums. Certain museums provide for a particular audience, often acquiring general collections to suit the purpose. Usually display objects from nature like stuffed animals or pressed plants. We welcome guest author Kate Haley Goldman, a consultant who has spent over 20 years listening to visitors in her work with museums – directing research, technology and learning projects in the US and abroad, in a two part series on museum evaluation. and that way better learn about different branches of science. About Museums From aquariums to art museums, botanical gardens to battlefields, children’s museums to cultural heritage centers, America’s diverse and engaging museums capture the attention of nearly 900 million visitors each year. Directory and unit to be studied The directory used in the Survey is the Museums and Collections Census. Museums can play a leading role in bolstering the creative economy locally and regionally. History Museum: History museums can be housed in modern buildings or inside a historic site. Articles on individual museums sorted by their type. Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through exhibitsthat may be permanent or temporary. In fact, the museum director is often considered the highest-level curator. A more recent kind of museum—the virtual museum—transcends all other types by virtue of its unique electronic presentation and is discussed as well. The Smithsonian is the world’s largest research and museum complex, with 19 museums and galleries, … There are over 17,000 museums in the US and they serve almost 900 million people each year. Most museums require archivists to have a bachelor’s degree in library science, archival science, history, art, or other subject-relevant majors. In some museums research has diversified as curators, particularly in archaeology, history, and the natural sciences, have become involved in recording the environment of an area or in preparing data banks in order to advise planners and developers who are considering projects to be conducted on sites of scientific or historical interest. Other museums—especially ones where the primary ethos is nationalistic, religious, or political—may offer unusual perspectives, resulting in alternative interpretations of artistic, historical, or scientific collections. Living history museums. Types of Museums. Certain general museums reflect the influence of cultural contact made through trade. In many cases the community thus served is culturally homogeneous. Given their diverse origins, varying philosophies, and differing roles in society, museums do not lend themselves to rigid classification. The famous Mercedes rainbow collection and the world's largest truck are some of the museums proudest pieces. The list is unending , but museums of all types explain and educate about their holdings , and thus increase and improve one's grasp and understanding when encountering these subjects in situ . For example, institutions funded by the national government—national museums—may hold outstanding international collections, as do the British Museum, the Hermitage, and the Louvre; they may hold specialized collections, as do a number of the national museums of antiquities on the European continent; or these may have an essentially local character, as does the Smithsonian Institution’s Anacostia Neighborhood Museum in Washington, D.C. An analysis of museums based on the nature of their collections, although it fails to indicate disparities of scale and quality, does have the merit of distinguishing between general and specialized museums. defined nor specialized. Subdirectorate General for Museums of the Ministry of Culture, in cooperation with the Ministry of Defense, Crown Heritage and the Autonomous Communities and Cities that have participated in the different stages and preparation of it. Subcategories. Where it is not, the museum may develop specific programs to foster mutual understanding among the diverse peoples. Most common among general museums are those which serve a region or a locality. A house or a building turned into a museum for a variety of reasons, most commonly because the person that lived in it was important or something important Functions of Museums: General museums hold collections in more than one subject and are therefore sometimes known as multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary museums. There are different types of museums. Most curators specialize in such fields as zoology, art or history. Many of these owe their foundation to civic pride and a desire to promote knowledge of the area. In cities that have a sizable immigrant population, such as, for example, Bradford or Leicester in England, the regional museum has engaged actively in such work. name for a parts of exhibitions of a museum that are sent to another museum. This is true particularly of many of the large general museums, which may have collections in one or more fields equal to if not exceeding both the quantity and quality of material exhibited in a specialized museum. They acquire and store artifacts, plan and set up exhibits, and promote museum objectives in meetings with the community, media and educational institutions. Museums are also increasingly present in the social sphere, acting as platforms for debate and discussion, tackling complex societal issues and encouraging public participation. Natural history museums. Some have particular responsibilities for a defined geographic area, such as a city or region. Archaeology, anthropology, & ethnographic museums Specialized museums will have specific positions such as historians, art historians, geologists or archeologists. Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Certain museums provide for a specialist audience—for example, children, societies, universities, or schools. They are generally larger institutions that hold collections considered to be … (20:42) of the 19th century. Specialized for science and history of science. shipwrecks recovered from bodies of water. 5 Different Types Of Museums: Choosing 1. They can be open-air museums or they can exhibit items in a building. Museums should conform to all national and local laws and respect the legislation of other states as they affect their operation.#ICOMCodeOfEthics 📘 @IcomOfficiel 2020-09-30 00:02:00 Military and war museums. This According to the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) there are approximately 35,000 museums in the United States. happened in it. (12:35) View Media. First opened in Scandinavia near the end The word “museum” has become pretty degraded over recent years. Categories include: fine arts, applied arts, craft, archaeology, anthropology and ethnology, history, cultural history, military history, science, technology, children's museums, natural history, numismatics, botanical and zoological gardens, and philately. They display archeological artifacts. anthropology, evolution, environmental issues, and more. Pop-up museums. Characteristic for exhibiting outdoors. This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. performed because there is no other way to see them now because they are obsolete. The largest museums are located in major cities throughout the world, while thousands of local museums exist in smaller cities, towns, and rural areas. ENAM has even been featured … Curators: Curators hold one of the highest positions among the museum hierarchy of employment. all museums do have certain things in common, which is the basis for this section of Graphic Standards. Museum - Museum - Natural history and natural science museums: Museums of natural history and natural science are concerned with the natural world; their collections may contain specimens of birds, mammals, insects, plants, rocks, minerals, and fossils. Among other developments fostered by many regional and local museums are the erection of on-site museums to interpret archaeological or natural features; the provision of heritage centres, particularly in urban areas, to tell the story of an aspect of the historic environment; or, as an extramural activity of the museum, the development of heritage and nature trails. Mobile museums. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. In the beginning they were static displays of objects but now they are made so the visitors can participate Specimens of art, archaeology, numismatics, epigraphy, painting, manuscripts, arms, decorative arts, textiles, natural history, etc usually included within their scope. Cultural and Heritage Preservation. They can be open-air museums or they can exhibit items in a building. An overview of the Children's Museum in Boston, from the documentary. Type of a museum in which historic events are performed by actors to immerse a viewer and show how certain events looked like or how some crafts were Visitors of the house learn through guides that tell story Here are some of them: Archaeology museums. With that is constructed shared historical authority. Not all museums are the same. In addition, by emphasizing collections, this method focuses on the very raison d’être of museums. Art museums. Director. Many were founded in the 18th, 19th, or early 20th century. Historical Museums: These museums illustrate historical events or period, personalities etc. Most research on tourism considered different types of museums (like art museum, stamps, history, science, and even children’s museums) as a unique cultural attraction with the same “label”. These include: National museums are run and funded directly by the central government of each UK nation. A museum’s specialization relates to a certain branch of production, science, or art. Encyclopedic museums. Some museums hold a number of important specialized collections that would qualify them to be grouped in more than one category of specialization. Nontraditional museum institutions. From private collection to public exhibition, Natural history and natural science museums. They are widespread in eastern and western Europe and are found as well in India, Australia, New Zealand, and North and South America. The big cheese. Listed here are a few of the more common kinds of museums: 1. Some have particular responsibilities for a defined geographic area, such as a city or region. Open-air museums. At the top of the museum hierarchy are curators, who determine and manage collections for an institution. Historic house museums. They collect objects and artifacts that tell a chronological story about particular locality. Some national museums display general collections within their main building; indeed, many commenced in this fashion, but the necessity of finding additional space later caused a division of the collections and encouraged the growth of specialized museums. Museums that have no specific strict place of exhibiting. A museum is an institution that cares for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Children's museums 3. Their prime responsibility is to reflect the natural and human history, traditions, and creative spirit of the area. © 2020 - History of Museums | Privacy Policy | Contact. There are different types of museums. In most museums this is an administrative position – the ship of state is following a proscribed course and the director is only nominally directing its path. Classifying by source of funding, however, fails to indicate the true character of the museums’ collections. Types of Museums. Museums have varying aims, ranging from serving researchers and specialists to serving the gen… Museums specialized in military histories. of the house and its inhabitants. UNESCO supports developing countries using museums’ potential to foster social cohesion, notably among local More people explore museums than the number that attend sporting events or visit amusement parks combined! Thanks for the A2A Nelson Vidinha. Also a Primarily archaeological maritime museums exhibit artifacts and preserved They have weapons, statues, artifacts made … They could be in a building, historic house or a historic site. Specialized museums for displaying maritime history, culture or archaeology. Art museums. They are usually large institutions and they offer visitors a wide variety of information on many themes, both local and global. There are many types of museums, from very large collections in major cities, covering many of the categories below, to very small museums covering either a particular location in a general way, or a particular subject, such an individual notable person. Notable examples include the Brooklyn Children’s Museum in New York City, the Children’s Museum in Boston, the enormous Children’s Museum of Indianapolis in Indiana (situated on a 29-acre [12-hectare] campus and attracting more than one million visitors annually), and the National Children’s Museum of New Delhi. They educate about natural history, dinosaurs, zoology, oceanography, drawings, ceramics or metalwork. institution only provide theme. Of all of the museums in the USA the largest category by "type" is Historical Societies, Historic Preservation, and Historic Houses and Sites. Art museums Science centers Children’s museums Maritime museums Military and war museums Mobile museums Natural history museums Open air museums Specialized museums Virtual museums Zoos and Zoological Gardens In future posts we will list our “Top 10” of each type History museums: historic houses, historical Josh Reuther discusses the concepts and practices of cultural preservation and heritage conservation in relation to museums. Given their diverse origins, varying philosophies, and differing roles in society, museums do not lend themselves to rigid classification. Museums can be divided into following categories: Fine arts: They contain all types of paintings, drawings, sculpture, architecture etc. Here is a list of what you might find while you’re out exploring! History museums. House is often equipped with furniture like it was in the time when it was used. Types of Museums. Also known as art galleries. collect and present weapons, uniforms, decorations, war technology and other objects. Exhibitions consist of buildings that recreate architecture from the past. Perhaps one of them is the perfect career choice for you! Objects that are collected could be documents, artifacts, Made to last short and often relying on visitors to provide museum objects and labels while professionals or Types of Museums. College and university museums 4. Types of museums and related subject headings The sub-pages below contain selected web resources and suggested subject headings for finding books on the subject area. In this article, museums are classified into five basic types—general, natural history and natural science, science and technology, history, and art. Many museums dedicated to authors try to recreate the intricate worlds of the books, be it the Victoriana of Dickens or the quaint animal lands of Beatrix Potter. They may seek funding for spe… They display archeological artifacts. Types of Museum synonyms, Types of Museum pronunciation, Types of Museum translation, English dictionary definition of Types of Museum. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. However, when an author is known for his books about paranoia, purgatorial dread and psychological horror, … Types of museums. Also known as art galleries. These types of museums are broken down even further. Thus, there are historical, natural history, art studies, literature, and technical museums. One of these is the children’s museum (also frequented by adults), which routinely now features interactive exhibits. Maritime museums. Most originated in earlier private collections and reflected the encyclopaedic spirit of the times. Of course some people attend many and others attend none. So on average, Americans attend three museums each year. They are spaces for showing art objects, most commonly visual art objects as paintings, sculpture, photography, illustrations, The National Museum ,New Delhi. Sometimes museums are classified according to the source of their funding (e.g., state, municipal, private), particularly in statistical work.